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Technologies for municipal solid waste management: Current status, challenges, and future perspectives.

Shamshad Khan1, Raheel Anjum2, Syed Turab Raza3

  • 1School of Geography and Resources Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641100, China.

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Summary

China

Keywords:
CompostingMunicipal solid waste characteristicsSolid waste management

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Urban Planning
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is increasing globally due to urbanization and changing consumption patterns.
  • The complexity of waste composition, including plastics and electronics, poses significant environmental and health challenges.
  • Effective MSW management is crucial for sustainable urban development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine municipal solid waste generation and treatment in eight of China's eastern coastal regions.
  • To assess the current state of MSW management in China compared to developed countries.
  • To identify issues and prospects for improving China's MSW management system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on MSW generation and treatment in China's eastern coastal regions.
  • Analysis of waste composition and management techniques employed.
  • Comparative assessment of China's MSW management efficiency.

Main Results:

  • MSW generation is increasing in key provinces like Shandong and Guangdong, but declining in some other eastern coastal areas.
  • China's MSW treatment relies heavily on landfill (52%) and incineration (45%), with low composting rates (3%).
  • Current waste management efficiency in China is significantly lower than in developed nations.

Conclusions:

  • China's municipal solid waste management system requires substantial improvement in effectiveness.
  • Addressing increasing MSW generation and optimizing treatment methods are critical.
  • Recommendations are provided to strengthen China's MSW management strategies for better environmental and social outcomes.