Dust pollution in cold region Surface Mines and its prevention and control

The application of traditional dust reduction methods in surface mines is limited, particularly during winter due to long-term drought and a rainless environment. Therefore, it is essential to investigate dust pollution in cold region mines and get insights into its scientific prevention and control. This research analyzed dust pollution (concentration of TSP, PM10, PM2.5) from a combined perspective of production and metrological conditions in the Haerwusu open pit coal mine located in northwest China to provide the basis for prevention and control. The main findings indicate that the dust concentration in the pit exceeds the national regulatory limit of 50 μg/m for PM10 and 35 μg/m for PM2.5. According to the air quality index, PM10 was the primary pollutant at the bottom of the pit where coal mining was occurring. The order of the factors influencing dust concentration was as follows: coal production > boundary layer height > wind speed > temperature difference > temperature > humidity. Our study revealed that mining activity polluted the surrounding areas, mostly in December and January. The southeastern and eastern regions of the mine site were found to be the most polluted areas. The implications of this study could be used to optimize mining operations and develop dust prevention and control strategies.