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Updated: Oct 17, 2025
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Measurement of Liver Stiffness Using Atomic Force Microscopy Coupled with Polarization Microscopy
Published on: July 20, 2022
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Coffee Consumption Is Associated With Lower Liver Stiffness: A Nationally Representative Study.
Sebastian Niezen1, Manaav Mehta2, Z Gordon Jiang1
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Summary
Coffee consumption is linked to reduced liver stiffness in US adults. This protective effect on liver fibrosis is independent of caffeine and diet quality, suggesting coffee
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coffee consumption is often linked to reduced liver disease risk.
- Previous studies faced confounding factors like recall bias and indirect outcome measures.
- The impact of coffee on specific liver conditions like fibrosis and steatosis requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between coffee consumption and liver fibrosis and steatosis.
- To analyze these associations in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
- To differentiate the effects of coffee from other beverages and caffeine.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 4510 US adults (2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).
- Assessed liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) via transient elastography.
- Analyzed coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls, with sensitivity analyses for all beverages and caffeine.
Main Results:
- Higher coffee intake (>3 cups/day) was associated with lower liver stiffness (LSM).
- Coffee consumption showed a protective effect against LSM of 9.5 kPa or higher (OR 0.4, P=0.05).
- This association persisted even after adjusting for diet quality and sugar-sweetened beverage intake, and was not linked to caffeine.
Conclusions:
- Coffee consumption is associated with lower liver stiffness (fibrosis) in US adults.
- No significant association was found between coffee intake and liver steatosis (CAP).
- The beneficial effect of coffee on liver stiffness is independent of caffeine and overall diet quality.
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