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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Bioluminescence Imaging of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Different Animal Models
10:42

Bioluminescence Imaging of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Different Animal Models

Published on: October 22, 2012

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The role of NADPH oxidases in infectious and inflammatory diseases

Jared P Taylor1, Hubert M Tse1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Redox Biology
|October 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) are crucial enzymes in human health and immunity. Targeting NOX enzymes offers potential therapies for autoimmune diseases and acute lung injury by mitigating oxidative stress.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) using NADPH.
  • The NOX family includes seven enzymes (NOX1-5, DUOX1-2) with diverse tissue expression and biological roles.
  • NOX2 is critical for innate and adaptive immunity, influencing interferon production, inflammasome activity, phagocytosis, and cell signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological roles of NOX enzymes.
  • To discuss the involvement of NOX enzymes in various diseases.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting NOX enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NOX enzyme function and involvement in disease.
  • Analysis of NOX enzyme roles in immunity and oxidative stress.

Main Results:

  • NOX enzymes are vital for immune responses, including epithelial barrier defense by DUOX1/2.
  • NOX enzymes are implicated in autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes.
  • NOX enzymes contribute to acute lung injury associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusions:

  • NOX enzymes play significant roles in both normal physiology and disease pathogenesis.
  • Targeting NOX enzymes or scavenging free radicals presents potential therapeutic avenues for oxidative stress-related conditions.
  • Further research into NOX enzyme modulation could lead to novel treatments for autoimmune disorders and infectious lung injuries.
Keywords:
Acute lung injuryAutoimmunityCOVID-19ImmunityNADPH OxidaseNOXSuperoxide

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