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Anthelmintic resistance: is a solution possible?

A E Ahuir-Baraja1, F Cibot2, L Llobat3

  • 1Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases Research Group (PARAVET), Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Spain.

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|October 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Anthelmintic resistance (AR) in livestock is increasing globally, reducing drug efficacy. Sustainable control requires integrated strategies beyond synthetic chemicals, incorporating alternatives like nematophagous fungi and plant extracts.

Keywords:
Alternative treatmentsAnthelmintic resistanceGastrointestinal nematodesHorsesRuminants

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Animal Science
  • Drug Resistance

Background:

  • Anthelmintic resistance (AR) is a growing global issue impacting livestock production.
  • AR is defined as the reduced efficacy of anthelmintic drugs (AH) against previously susceptible parasites.
  • Factors contributing to AR include livestock management practices and the high cost of AH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the prevalence and impact of anthelmintic resistance in domestic herbivores.
  • To highlight the challenges in developing new anthelmintic molecules.
  • To explore alternative strategies for sustainable parasite control in ruminants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on anthelmintic resistance in domestic herbivores.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to the development and spread of AR.
  • Identification and evaluation of alternative parasite control methods.

Main Results:

  • AR prevalence and impact continue to rise worldwide, affecting animal production.
  • Limited progress in discovering new anthelmintic molecules since 1981, with increased development costs and timelines.
  • Emergence of resistance to newer anthelmintics like monepantel and derquantel.

Conclusions:

  • Ruminant parasitism control cannot rely solely on synthetic chemicals due to widespread AR.
  • Integrated parasite management strategies incorporating preventive measures are essential for sustainability.
  • Nematophagous fungi and plant-derived compounds show promise as alternative anthelmintic approaches, but further research is required.