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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
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Feces Formation and Defecation01:26

Feces Formation and Defecation

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After spending 3 to 10 hours in the large intestine, chyme loses a lot of water and becomes feces, the final product of digestion. Feces consist of undigested dietary fiber such as cellulose, mucus, sloughed-off epithelial cells, and microbes. The descending and sigmoid colon stores feces and uses haustral contractions to dry it out but retains enough water to give it a semi-solid texture.
The mass peristalsis then pushes the feces into the rectum, which stretches the rectal walls to activate...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples
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Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples

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Can SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted via faeces?

Ines B Moura1, Anthony M Buckley1, Mark H Wilcox1,2

  • 1Healthcare-Associated Infections Group, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|October 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be detected in the faeces of patients with COVID-19, potentially impacting gut health and disease transmission. Viral presence in stool may persist longer than in respiratory tracts, influencing gut microbiota.

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Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 BSL-3 Conditions
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Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 BSL-3 Conditions
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhoea, are common in COVID-19 patients.
  • The presence and implications of SARS-CoV-2 in the gut remain areas of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RNA in faeces and diarrhoea.
  • To assess the relevance of gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 diagnosis and transmission.
  • To understand the impact of COVID-19 on gut microbial balance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SARS-CoV-2 shedding in faeces.
  • Analysis of studies correlating gastrointestinal symptoms with viral presence.
  • Investigation into the effects of COVID-19 on gut microbiota composition.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 RNA is found in the faeces of patients with and without diarrhoea, indicating shedding can occur independently of symptoms.
  • Intestinal viral presence may persist longer than in the respiratory tract and can be infectious.
  • COVID-19 alters gut microbiota, promoting pathogen expansion and reducing beneficial commensals.

Conclusions:

  • Gastrointestinal symptoms can be early indicators of COVID-19.
  • Faecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 poses a potential transmission risk, especially in severe cases with possible intestinal replication.
  • COVID-19 significantly disrupts the gut microbiome, potentially exacerbating disease severity and influencing recovery.