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Monoreassortant Rotaviruses of Multiple G Types Are Differentially Neutralized by Sera From Infants Vaccinated With

Julia R Diller1, Maximilian H Carter1, Yuta Kanai2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|October 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus VP7 influences antibody responses and cell tropism. RotaTeq vaccination elicits broader neutralizing antibody responses than ROTARIX, impacting rotavirus G-type neutralization breadth.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a major cause of severe diarrheal illness and mortality in children worldwide.
  • The rotavirus outer capsid proteins, VP7 (G type) and VP4 (P type), are key targets for neutralizing antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of rotavirus VP7 in eliciting specific neutralizing antibody responses.
  • To compare the breadth of antibody responses induced by different rotavirus vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered monoreassortant rotaviruses with specific human VP7 segments.
  • Assessed viral replication and neutralization using sera from infants vaccinated with ROTARIX or RotaTeq.

Main Results:

  • RotaTeq vaccination induced broader neutralizing antibody responses compared to ROTARIX.
  • A single dose of RotaTeq enhanced the G-type neutralization breadth in vaccinated infants.
  • Observed cell type-specific variations in infectivity, replication, and neutralization of engineered rotaviruses.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus VP7 can independently influence viral cell tropism.
  • VP7 plays a significant role in the breadth of vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses against rotavirus.
Abstract

Keywords:
antigenneutralizationrotavirusvaccinevirus

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