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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

189
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
189
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

347
Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
347
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

317
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
317
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

177
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
177
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

256
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
256
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

181
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
181

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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Esophageal Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis: An Update.

Bo Li1,2, Junqing Yan3, Jincheng Pu2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Rheumatology and Therapy
|October 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) frequently causes esophageal motility disorders, increasing mortality. This review covers SSc-related esophageal issues, focusing on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potential treatments.

Keywords:
Clinical featuresComplicationsEsophageal motility disorders/physiopathologyEsophageal motility disorders/therapySystemic scleroderma

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Esophageal motility disorders affect 90% of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, correlating with higher mortality.
  • Damage to esophageal smooth muscle from ischemia, nerve injury, and inflammation causes SSc-related esophageal complications.
  • Clinical presentations of SSc-related esophageal dysfunction are highly variable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis and clinical features of esophageal motility disorders in SSc.
  • To summarize advancements in the endoscopic diagnosis of these disorders.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic targets for SSc-related esophageal conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on SSc-related esophageal motility disorders.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic methods, including traditional esophageal manometry and 24-h pH monitoring.
  • Exploration of emerging endoscopic diagnostic techniques.

Main Results:

  • Esophageal involvement in SSc is common and linked to severe outcomes.
  • Pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of vascular, neural, and inflammatory factors.
  • Current diagnostic tools have limitations, highlighting the need for improved methods.

Conclusions:

  • Esophageal motility disorders are a significant complication of SSc requiring comprehensive management.
  • Further research into pathogenesis and advanced diagnostic tools is crucial.
  • Identifying novel therapeutic targets may improve patient outcomes in SSc.