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Differences in clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with or without left ventricular enlargement

Tingzhi Deng1, Tiangang Zhu2, Zhenzhu Tao1

  • 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China.

Annals of Palliative Medicine
|October 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Enlarged left ventricle (ELV) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is more prevalent in men and associated with higher rates of end-stage disease. Clinical features of ELV-HCM differ based on HCM subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the clinical characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with an enlarged left ventricle (ELV).
  • Understanding these features is crucial for managing HCM progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with enlarged left ventricle (ELV) versus normal left ventricle (NLV).
  • To identify differences in demographics, complications, and treatment between these groups.

Main Methods:

  • 170 HCM patients were categorized into ELV (n=17) and NLV (n=153) groups based on left ventricle size.
  • Clinical data including age, sex, complications, ECG, symptoms, treatments, and echocardiographic parameters were compared.

Main Results:

  • End-stage HCM (ES-HCM) and ELV were observed in 5.29% and 10.0% of patients, respectively.
  • ELV was more common in males and associated with lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and increased diuretic use in asymmetric septal HCM (ASHCM).
  • Apical HCM (ApHCM) with ELV showed larger left atrial diameter (LAd), higher incidence of atrial fibrillation (Af) and ST-T changes, and increased use of ACEI/ARB medications.

Conclusions:

  • HCM patients with ELV have a higher prevalence of ES-HCM compared to those with NLV.
  • ELV is more frequent in men and exhibits distinct clinical presentations across different HCM subtypes (ASHCM, ApHCM).
Abstract

Keywords:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)echocardiographyend-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ES-HCM)

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