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Does psychological resilience mediate the relation between daily functioning and prefrailty status?

Axelle Costenoble1,2, Gina Rossi3, Veerle Knoop1,2

  • 1Frailty in Ageing (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090Brussels, Belgium.

International Psychogeriatrics
|October 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Maintaining independence in advanced activities of daily living (ADLs) is directly linked to preventing prefrailty in older adults. Psychological resilience did not significantly moderate this relationship in the study.

Keywords:
CD-RISCactivities of daily livingassessmentdaily functioningdisabilityfrailtyolder individualsresilience

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Frailty is a growing concern in aging populations, impacting independence and quality of life.
  • Understanding factors that protect against frailty, such as psychological resilience and functional abilities, is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Pre-frailty represents an intermediate stage, offering a window for preventive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the moderating role of psychological resilience on the relationship between activities of daily living (ADLs) and prefrailty in older adults.
  • To determine if psychological resilience influences the association between limitations in basic, instrumental, and advanced ADLs and the likelihood of being prefrail or robust.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 405 community-dwelling older individuals (214 robust, 191 prefrail).
  • Frailty was assessed using Fried's criteria (weight loss, exhaustion, gait speed, grip strength).
  • Activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations were measured using a Disability Index (DI) for basic, instrumental, and advanced ADLs. Psychological resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was found between prefrailty/robustness and limitations in advanced ADLs (a-ADL-DI).
  • After adjusting for age and gender, limitations in advanced ADLs (a-ADL-DI) demonstrated a significant direct protective effect against prefrailty.
  • The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) total score did not show a significant moderating effect on the relationship between ADLs and prefrailty.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced limitations in advanced ADLs are a direct correlate of prefrailty and may indicate a higher likelihood of robustness in older adults.
  • Psychological resilience, as measured by the CD-RISC, did not appear to moderate the association between ADL limitations and prefrailty in this cohort.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between functional status, psychological factors, and frailty progression.