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Liver Kidney Crosstalk: Hepatorenal Syndrome
Mahmoud Nassar1, Nso Nso1, Luis Medina1
1Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai / NYC Health + Hospitals / Queens, New York, NY 11432, United States.
Abstract:
The dying liver causes the suffocation of the kidneys, which is a simplified way of describing the pathophysiology of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). HRS is characterized by reversible functional renal impairment due to reduced blood supply and glomerular filtration rate, secondary to increased vasodilators. Over the years, HRS has gained much attention and focus among hepatologists and nephrologists. HRS is a diagnosis of exclusion, and in some cases, it carries a poor prognosis. Different classifications have emerged to better understand, diagnose, and promptly treat this condition. This targeted review aims to provide substantial insight into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of HRS, shed light on the various milestones of this condition, and add to our current understanding.
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