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Behavioral innovation promotes alien bird invasions.

Daiping Wang1, Xuan Liu1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China.

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Behavioral innovation significantly aids alien species establishment, with technical innovation being more impactful than consumer innovation. This research highlights adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
  • Invasive Species Research
  • Global Change Biology

Background:

  • Behavioral innovation is crucial for species adapting to new environments, influencing alien species establishment success.
  • The comparative importance of behavioral innovation versus other factors (event, location, species) in alien establishment is not well understood.
  • The specific roles of technical innovation (food acquisition) and consumer innovation (dietary flexibility) in establishment success require clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relative importance of behavioral innovation in alien species establishment success.
  • To assess the impact of technical and consumer innovation on the establishment success of alien species.
  • To determine if behavioral innovation is a key predictor of alien species establishment across diverse global contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a global dataset encompassing 247 species and 9,899 successful versus 2,370 failed introduction events across 199 countries.
  • Employed statistical analyses to assess the influence of behavioral innovation rate on establishment success.
  • Controlled for key confounding factors including propagule pressure, climate matching, historical invasional meltdown, and life-history traits.

Main Results:

  • The rate of behavioral innovation was identified as a significant factor promoting the establishment success of alien birds.
  • Technical innovation demonstrated a greater influence on establishment success compared to consumer innovation.
  • Behavioral innovation remains a key facilitator of alien species establishment, even when accounting for other ecological and historical variables.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral innovation is a critical determinant of alien species establishment success in novel environments.
  • Technical innovation plays a more substantial role than consumer innovation in facilitating successful introductions.
  • Findings enhance understanding of alien species ecology and inform predictions of species' responses to global change.