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Outcomes of Covid 19 patients-Are Hispanics at greater risk?

Rahul Nanchal1, Dhaval Patel2, Achuta Kumar Guddati3

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Journal of Medical Virology
|October 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 outcomes show disparities. While Hispanic patients required more intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, their in-hospital mortality was similar to non-Hispanic White patients with coronavirus disease-19.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ethnic minorities in the United States experience COVID-19 outcome disparities.
  • Understanding these disparities is crucial for equitable healthcare.
  • Previous research has not fully detailed outcomes for Hispanic populations compared to non-Hispanic Whites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) utilization, and inflammatory markers between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients with COVID-19.
  • To identify potential ethnic disparities in severe coronavirus disease-19 outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March 2020 and February 2021.
  • Comparison of outcomes between non-Hispanic White and Hispanic patients.
  • Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to adjust for confounding variables.

Main Results:

  • Hispanic patients had significantly higher adjusted rates of ICU transfers (HR: 1.34, p=0.002).
  • In-hospital mortality was not statistically different between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients after adjustment (HR: 0.96, p=0.73).
  • Hispanic patients exhibited higher levels of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and fibrinogen.

Conclusions:

  • Hispanic patients with COVID-19 require higher rates of ICU admission compared to non-Hispanic White patients.
  • Despite increased ICU utilization, mortality rates are similar between these groups.
  • Inflammatory marker differences suggest distinct pathophysiological responses in Hispanic patients.

Keywords:
COVID-19Hispanicdisparities

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