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Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Published on: August 25, 2019

Screening for aneuploidy in twins.

Maeve K Hopkins¹, Lorraine Dugoff²

¹Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ob/Gyn & Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (Dr Hopkins).

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM

|October 11, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Screening for aneuploidy in twin pregnancies is challenging. Cell-free DNA screening is recommended first-line, but other methods like nuchal translucency screening are available if needed.

Keywords:

aneuploidy screening noninvasive prenatal testing prenatal genetic screening twin pregnancy

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Area of Science:

Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Prenatal Diagnostics
Genetics

Background:

Aneuploidy screening is recommended for all pregnant individuals.
Twin pregnancies present unique complexities for aneuploidy screening accuracy.
Existing screening methods show reduced accuracy in twin gestations compared to singletons.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current aneuploidy screening options for twin pregnancies.
To discuss the benefits and limitations of each screening method in twins.
To address special considerations like vanishing twins and diagnostic testing.

Main Methods:

Literature review of aneuploidy screening modalities in twin pregnancies.
Analysis of accuracy, benefits, and limitations of various screening approaches.
Examination of specific clinical scenarios impacting screening.

Main Results:

No aneuploidy screening method achieves the same accuracy in twin pregnancies as in singleton pregnancies.
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening is the preferred first-line approach.
Alternative options include nuchal translucency (NT) and maternal serum marker (MSM) screening when cfDNA is unavailable or limited.

Conclusions:

Aneuploidy screening in twin pregnancies requires careful consideration of method-specific limitations.
Cell-free DNA screening offers a valuable, though not perfect, first-line option.
Nuchal translucency and maternal serum marker screening remain important alternatives.