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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
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Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions02:54

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

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To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:
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Electrochemical hydrogen formation catalysed by a Pd8 string.

Tomoaki Tanase1, Kanako Nakamae1, Haruka Miyano1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan. tanase@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|October 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel linear tetrapalladium complex featuring a terminal hydride. This complex efficiently catalyzes electrocatalytic hydrogen formation from tetrafluoroboric acid, showcasing its potential in energy applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Tetraphosphine-supported palladium complexes are known catalysts.
  • Electrocatalytic hydrogen production is crucial for sustainable energy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel linear tetrapalladium complex.
  • To investigate its efficacy in electrocatalytic hydrogen formation.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of a linear Pd8 complex with tetrafluoroboric acid (HBF4).
  • Characterization of the resulting tetrapalladium complex with a terminal hydride.
  • Electrocatalytic testing in acetonitrile using a 1D coordination polymer confined within Nafion film.

Main Results:

  • An unprecedented linear tetrapalladium complex with a terminal hydride was synthesized.
  • The complex effectively promoted electrocatalytic hydrogen formation from HBF4.
  • A 1D coordination polymer of the Pd8 chain within Nafion film demonstrated utility in H2 electrocatalysis.

Conclusions:

  • The novel tetrapalladium hydride complex is an effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen production.
  • Confining the Pd8 chain within Nafion enhances its application in electrocatalytic H2 formation.