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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
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Fetal and Neonatal Thyroid Dysfunction.

Juliane Léger1,2, Clemence Delcour2,3, Jean-Claude Carel1,2

  • 1Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, Reference Center for Growth and Development Endocrine Diseases, Paris, France.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|October 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fetal and neonatal thyroid disorders require prompt diagnosis and management. Early detection and treatment of conditions like congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and neonatal Graves

Keywords:
acquiredcongenitalfetushyperthyroidismhypothyroidismneonatethyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Fetal and neonatal thyroid dysfunctions encompass rare but serious conditions affecting thyroid hormone regulation during gestation and early life.
  • Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and neonatal Graves' disease (GD) are key examples, with varying durations and underlying mechanisms.
  • Neonatal screening for primary CH is crucial for preventing irreversible neurodevelopmental delays.

Observation:

  • Neonatal Graves' disease arises from transplacental passage of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) from mothers with a history of Graves' disease.
  • The activity of maternal TRAbs (stimulatory or blocking) dictates the neonate's thyroid status, potentially causing hyperthyroidism or transient hypothyroidism.
  • Maternal antithyroid drug use can impact fetal and neonatal thyroid function, necessitating careful monitoring.

Findings:

  • Primary CH is detected via neonatal screening, emphasizing the need for universal implementation.
  • Central CH is a rarer form often linked to multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies.
  • The balance of maternal TRAb activity determines the clinical presentation of neonatal Graves' disease, ranging from transient hypothyroidism to hyperthyroidism.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of fetal and neonatal thyroid disorders is paramount for optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Management strategies must consider the transplacental transfer of antibodies and maternal medication effects.
  • This review highlights the importance of timely intervention for improving the prognosis of affected infants.