[Management of urethral stricture]

Urethral strictures most frequently affect the bulbar but are also observed in the penile, glandular, or membranous urethra. They are often iatrogenic. Radiologic diagnosis can be established easily and safely by cystourethrography. Simple Sachse urethrotomy can result in permanent relief in the case of short bulbar strictures in initial findings. Recurrent structures or strictures in other locations should however be treated by open surgery, as cure cannot be achieved by other means. Depending on the diagnosis and comorbidities, end-to-end anastomosis, graft/flap urethroplasty, or perineal urethrostomy can be performed. If open surgery is delayed, aggravation of the diagnosis and worsening of the prognosis can be expected, regardless of the applied treatment.