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The COVID-19 pandemic and mask-wearing shifted social interactions. People increasingly rely on eye cues for emotion perception, especially with higher mask exposure and social engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Facial cues are crucial for social information processing, including identifying individuals and understanding emotions.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread mask-wearing, altering typical social interactions and potentially impacting facial emotion perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of mask exposure on emotion perception.
  • To examine how individuals utilize facial landmarks (visual cues) and affective cues (valence, arousal) when judging emotion similarity.
  • To understand adaptive changes in facial cue utilization due to mask-wearing.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted to assess emotion perception.
  • Participants judged emotion similarity between faces, with measurements focusing on their use of visual cues (facial landmarks) and affective cues.
  • Study 1 examined mask exposure in August 2020; Study 2 tracked changes in emotion perception from April to September 2020.

Main Results:

  • Higher mask exposure correlated with increased reliance on eye cues for judging emotion similarity.
  • A general increase in the use of visual cues was observed from April to September 2020.
  • Individuals with high social interaction and increased mask exposure showed the most significant increase in using visual facial cues.

Conclusions:

  • Widespread mask-wearing has led to an adaptive shift in face processing.
  • People are increasingly focusing on the eye region for social and emotional information when masks obscure other facial features.
  • This adaptation highlights the brain's flexibility in modifying social perception strategies based on environmental demands.