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Intracranial calcification in paediatric computed tomography

B Kendall, N Cavanagh

    Neuroradiology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed

    Insights

    Intracranial calcification in children is rare, with physiological types increasing by age 15. Pathological calcification, often linked to neoplasms, neuroectodermal syndromes, or infections, requires further investigation.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Radiology
    • Neuroradiology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Intracranial calcification in children can be physiological or pathological.
    • Understanding its incidence and causes is crucial for diagnosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the diagnostic significance of intracranial calcification in children.
    • To determine the incidence and common causes of pathological intracranial calcification.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of computed tomograms from 18,000 consecutively examined children.
    • Correlation of calcification findings with clinical symptomatology and biochemical studies.

    Main Results:

    • Physiological calcification incidence is low (approx. 2% up to age 8), increasing by age 15.
    • Pathological calcification occurred in 1.6% of cases, most commonly due to neoplasms (43%), neuroectodermal syndromes (20%), and infections (12%).
    • Diffuse basal ganglia calcification showed limited correlation with clinical symptoms; metabolic disorders were found in only 6 cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Confirms low incidence of physiological intracranial calcification in children.
    • Identifies neoplasms, neuroectodermal syndromes, and infections as primary causes of pathological calcification.
    • Highlights the limited clinical correlation of basal ganglia calcification and the low yield of routine biochemical studies for metabolic disorders in these cases.

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