Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.7K

Concepts in Oncolytic Adenovirus Therapy

Klaus Mantwill1, Florian Gerhard Klein1, Dongbiao Wang1

  • 1Department of Urology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic adenovirus therapy uses modified adenoviruses to target and destroy cancer cells. These conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) offer a promising new approach for cancer treatment, activating immune responses against tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy
  • Cancer biology
  • Gene therapy

Background:

  • Oncolytic adenovirus therapy is an emerging cancer treatment.
  • Adenovirus vectors can be genetically modified for tumor specificity and enhanced anti-tumor effects.
  • Viral replication and tumor cell lysis are key mechanisms of action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review modifications in adenovirus vectors for oncolytic therapy.
  • To discuss the development of conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds).
  • To summarize clinical trials based on CRAd design.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on adenovirus vector modifications.
  • Analysis of genetic engineering strategies for tumor targeting and transgene expression.
  • Compilation and categorization of clinical trial data based on CRAd conceptual design.

Main Results:

  • Identified key elements within adenovirus vectors for modification.
  • Demonstrated that modifications enable tumor-specific replication (CRAds).
  • Highlighted the role of viral replication, transgene expression, and virus-induced cell death in anti-tumor immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Adenovirus vector modification is crucial for developing effective oncolytic therapies.
  • CRAds offer enhanced tumor specificity and therapeutic potential.
  • Clinical trials show promise for oncolytic adenovirus therapy in cancer management.
Keywords:
CRAdadenovirusarmingcancerimmunotherapyoncolytic virustropismvector design

More Related Videos

Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses06:13

Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses

Published on: November 24, 2014

9.5K
Genome-wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy08:51

Genome-wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy

Published on: April 3, 2018

9.2K

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
8.2K
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
741
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.0K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.4K
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
215
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
564