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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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The PPARα and PPARγ Epigenetic Landscape in Cancer and Immune and Metabolic Disorders

Jesús Porcuna1, Jorge Mínguez-Martínez1, Mercedes Ricote1

  • 1Myocardial Pathophisiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate metabolism and are implicated in diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms, involving non-coding RNAs and enzymes, offer potential therapeutic targets for metabolic, immune, and cancerous conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Metabolic research

Background:

  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors crucial for nutrient sensing, metabolism, and lipid processes.
  • Dysregulation of PPAR-dependent gene expression is linked to metabolic diseases, immune disorders, and cancer.
  • Epigenetic factors, including non-coding RNAs and enzymes, influence PPAR activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in the epigenetic regulation of PPARα and PPARγ.
  • To explore the role of PPAR epigenetic modulation in metabolic disorders, immune diseases, and cancer.
  • To provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting PPAR epigenetic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on PPARα and PPARγ epigenetic regulation.
  • Analysis of research linking epigenetic modifications to PPAR function in disease.
  • Synthesis of findings on therapeutic exploitation of PPAR epigenetic modulation.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic regulators like non-coding RNAs, enzymes, histone modifiers, and DNA methyltransferases are key in PPAR pathways.
  • PPAR epigenetic modulation is implicated in obesity, diabetes, sclerosis, lupus, and various cancers.
  • Specific epigenetic mechanisms offer novel therapeutic avenues for PPAR-related diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic control of PPARs is critical for maintaining metabolic and immune homeostasis.
  • Targeting PPAR epigenetic modulation presents a promising therapeutic strategy for a range of diseases.
  • Further research into PPAR epigenetic mechanisms can unlock new treatments for metabolic, immune, and oncological conditions.
Keywords:
DNA methylationPPARscancerdiabeteshistone modificationimmunitymiRNAobesity

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