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Selenium and the 15kDa Selenoprotein Impact Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Modulating Intestinal Barrier Integrity.

Jessica A Canter1, Sarah E Ernst1, Kristin M Peters1

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International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The 15 kDa selenoprotein (Selenof) deficiency reduced aberrant crypt foci but did not alter tumor development in a mouse model. Selenof may influence intestinal barrier integrity and cell structure, impacting tumor type.

Keywords:
Selenofbarrier integritycolon cancerinflammationseleniumselenoprotein

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Selenoproteins are crucial for mammalian cellular functions.
  • Previous research linked 15 kDa selenoprotein (Selenof) deficiency to reduced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colon carcinogenesis models.
  • Dietary selenium levels can influence selenoprotein activity and health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Selenof in inflammatory colorectal cancer.
  • To determine if dietary selenium intake modifies the effects of Selenof deficiency on tumorigenesis.
  • To explore the impact of Selenof on intestinal barrier function and mucosal structure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Selenof-knockout (KO) mice and littermate controls.
  • Administered diets varying in sodium selenite content (deficient, adequate, high).
  • Induced colon tumors using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), followed by ACF and tumor assessment, gene expression analysis, and histological examination.

Main Results:

  • Selenof-knockout mice exhibited significantly fewer ACF compared to controls.
  • Tumor incidence was comparable between Selenof-deficient and control mice.
  • Findings suggest Selenof influences intestinal barrier integrity and mucosal cell structure, potentially affecting tumor characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Selenof plays a role in regulating aberrant crypt foci formation in the colon.
  • The impact of Selenof on tumor development may be independent of ACF reduction.
  • Selenof appears to be involved in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and modulating mucosal cell morphology, influencing the nature of colorectal tumors.