Interventions to Increase Leukocyte Testing during Treatment with Dimethyl Fumarate

Paul A Heidenreich1,2, Shoutzu Lin1, Parisa Gholami1

  • 1Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.

Insights

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment for multiple sclerosis requires white blood cell (WBC) monitoring. Physician-focused interventions, like academic detailing, significantly improved monitoring rates for patients at risk of leukopenia.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacovigilance
  • Clinical Quality Improvement
  • Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics

Background:

  • Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment associated with potential leukopenia and infection risks.
  • Periodic white blood cell (WBC) monitoring is crucial for patients on DMF therapy.
  • The US Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) implemented a safety program to identify patients on DMF lacking documented WBC counts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving WBC monitoring in patients prescribed DMF within the VA system.
  • To identify specific interventions associated with higher WBC monitoring rates.
  • To assess the impact of multiple interventions on monitoring adherence.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to 118 VA sites treating patients with DMF between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2016.
  • Sites were queried on the use of seven specific interventions to enhance WBC monitoring.
  • A multivariate analysis was conducted on data from 92 responding sites (78% response rate) involving 1115 patients.

Main Results:

  • The mean WBC monitoring rate across responding sites was 54%.
  • Academic detailing was associated with a 17% increase in WBC monitoring rates (p=0.011).
  • Provider education increased monitoring rates by 9% (p=0.037), and each additional intervention increased rates by 3.8% (p=0.005).

Conclusions:

  • Physician-centered interventions, particularly academic detailing, are effective in improving WBC monitoring for DMF-treated patients.
  • Implementing multiple interventions can further enhance monitoring adherence.
  • These findings support targeted quality improvement strategies to mitigate risks associated with DMF therapy.