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Photon-counting distributed free-space spectroscopy.

Saifen Yu1,2, Zhen Zhang1,2, Haiyun Xia3,4,5

  • 1School of Earth and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.

Light, Science & Applications
|October 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new photon-counting spectroscopy method uses lidar to analyze atmospheric gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (HDO) remotely. This technique offers high range resolution, improving atmospheric chemistry research.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Laser technology

Background:

  • Spectroscopy is crucial for identifying substances but faces challenges in free-space analysis.
  • Accurate atmospheric gas composition and chemical process understanding is hindered by current methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a photon-counting distributed free-space spectroscopy method.
  • To improve remote spectrum analysis with high range resolution for atmospheric studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a lidar technique with a comb-referenced frequency-scanning laser.
  • Employed a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector for photon counting.
  • Conducted a 72-hour field experiment for remote spectrum acquisition.

Main Results:

  • Successfully obtained spectra of carbon dioxide (CO2) and isotopic water vapor (HDO) over 6 km.
  • Achieved a range resolution of 60 m and time resolution of 10 min, improving resolution by 2-3 orders of magnitude.
  • Retrieved CO2 and HDO concentrations with low uncertainties (±1.2% and ±14.3%, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides high-resolution remote spectrum analysis suitable for wide bands.
  • This technique significantly enhances atmospheric environment and chemistry research capabilities.
  • Holds promise for studying the evolution of molecular spectra in open environments.