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Soil microbial community composition in a paddy field with different fertilization managements
Limin Wang1,2, Dongfeng Huang1,2
1Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, P.R. China.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology
|October 13, 2021
Summary
Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization alters soil microbial communities in acidic paddy soils, impacting soil properties. Optimized fertilizer rates can change microbial community structure.
Area of Science:
- Soil Microbiology
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Soil microbes are crucial for soil health.
- The impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on microbial communities in subtropical Chinese acidic paddy soils is not well understood.
- Long-term effects of fertilization on soil microbial ecology require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of different N and P fertilization strategies on soil microbial community composition and diversity.
- To identify key soil properties and nutrients influencing microbial community structure under varied fertilization regimes.
- To understand the long-term consequences of N and P fertilization on soil microbial ecology in acidic paddy environments.
Main Methods:
- A 10-year field experiment was conducted using different fertilization treatments (T0: no N and P; T1: optimized N and P; T2: excessive N; T3: excessive P).
- Illumina MiSeq sequencing was employed to analyze soil microbial community composition.
- Soil properties, including total potassium (TK), total nitrogen (TN), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), were measured.
Main Results:
- Fertilization treatments did not significantly affect microbial alpha diversity but altered soil properties, consequently influencing microbial community composition.
- Microbial communities in optimized (T1) and excessive N (T2) treatments differed from no fertilizer (T0) and excessive P (T3) treatments.
- Bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, and fungal phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant across fertilized soils.
- Soil TK concentration was the primary driver of bacterial community structure variation, while soil TN and NO3--N significantly shaped fungal community structure.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing nitrogen and phosphorus application rates can lead to significant changes in soil properties.
- These alterations in soil properties, driven by fertilization, consequently modify the soil microbial community structure.
- Understanding these relationships is vital for sustainable management of acidic paddy soils.
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