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Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques
Published on: January 12, 2024
Systemic and mucosal immune profiling in asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals reveal unlinked
Supriya Ravichandran1, Gabrielle Grubbs1, Juanjie Tang1
1Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Abstract:
Mucosal immunity plays a key role in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 virus spread to the lungs. In this study, we evaluated systemic and mucosal immune signatures in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2–infected versus symptomatic COVID-19 adults compared with RSV-infected adults. Matched serum and nasal wash pairs were subjected to cytokine/chemokine analyses and comprehensive antibody profiling including epitope repertoire analyses, antibody kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 prefusion spike and spike RBD mutants, and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. The data suggest independent evolution of antibody responses in the mucosal sites as reflected in differential IgM/IgG/IgA epitope repertoire compared with serum. Antibody affinity against SARS-CoV-2 prefusion spike for both serum and nasal washes was significantly higher in asymptomatic adults compared with symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Last, the cytokine/chemokine responses in the nasal washes were more robust than in serum. These data underscore the importance of evaluating mucosal immune responses for better therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
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