Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

259
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
259
Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis00:59

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis

148
Noncompartmental analyses offer an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without relying on a specific compartmental model. In this approach, the drug's pharmacokinetics are assumed to be linear, with the terminal phase log-linear. This assumption allows for simplified analysis and interpretation of the drug's behavior in the body.
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This...
148
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

345
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
345
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

148
Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
148
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion01:26

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

174
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
174
Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches01:14

Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches

252
Drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The model approach uses mathematical models to describe changes in drug concentration over time. Pharmacokinetic models help characterize drug behavior in patients, predict drug concentration in the body fluids, calculate optimum dosage regimens, and evaluate the risk of toxicity. However, ensuring that the model fits the experimental data accurately...
252

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Availability and Cost of Naloxone Over Time: A Longitudinal Secret Shopper Study in North Carolina Community Pharmacies.

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA·2026
Same author

Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Home Health Use Among People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Measuring Their Association With Neighborhood Racial Segregation.

The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association·2026
Same author

Epigenetic phase variation in the gut microbiome enhances bacterial adaptation.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same author

Cardiometabolic and Renal Outcomes in Semaglutide Users with Type 2 Diabetes Achieving Glycemic and Weight Goals: An Observational Cohort Study.

Advances in therapy·2026
Same author

Long-term outcomes of autologous cell transplantation for patients with non-TAO autoimmune disease-related critical limb ischemia.

Cell transplantation·2026
Same author

Over-the-counter naloxone sales and pricing variability in North Carolina following FDA approval.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment·2026
Same journal

Hepatitis C Virus Cascade of Care in Florida Emergency Departments.

Medical care·2026
Same journal

Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Uptake of Diabetes Prevention Interventions.

Medical care·2026
Same journal

Machine Learning for Evaluating the Heterogeneous Effects of Intensive In-Hospital Rehabilitation During the Postacute Phase After Hip Fracture Surgery on Activities of Daily Living.

Medical care·2026
Same journal

Hospital-Physician Integration and Differences in the Use of Orthopedic Care Across Race and Ethnicity.

Medical care·2026
Same journal

Temporal Misalignment and Selection Bias in "Burn Pit Smoke Exposure and Sleep Apnea in US Veterans.

Medical care·2026
Same journal

The Impact of an Oncology Hospital at Home Program on Health Care Costs.

Medical care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation
09:42

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Published on: November 8, 2013

13.7K

Comparing Continuous and Binary Group-based Trajectory Modeling Using Statin Medication Adherence Data.

Ryan P Hickson1,2,3, Izabela E Annis1, Ley A Killeya-Jones1

  • 1Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Medical Care
|October 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared continuous and binary group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) for medication adherence. Results show that the modeling approach impacts patient classification into adherence groups, highlighting the need for careful selection based on study objectives.

More Related Videos

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.7K
Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation
09:42

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Published on: November 8, 2013

13.7K
Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.7K
Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Biostatistics
  • Pharmacoeconomics

Background:

  • Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) is increasingly used to study medication adherence.
  • Existing studies predominantly use binary GBTM, with limited rationale for this choice.
  • No studies have directly compared continuous and binary GBTM for medication adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of continuous versus binary GBTM on medication adherence trajectory shapes.
  • To determine if continuous and binary GBTM lead to differential classification of patients into adherence groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized administrative claims data for prevalent statin users (66+ years) with myocardial infarction hospitalization.
  • Applied continuous and binary (proportion of days covered ≥0.80) GBTM to medication adherence measured pre-hospitalization.
  • Compared patient classification agreement between continuous and binary models using percent agreement and Cohen's kappa coefficient.

Main Results:

  • Both continuous and binary GBTM identified 4 adherence groups among 113,296 statin users.
  • Three groups were consistent: persistently adherent, progressively nonadherent, and persistently nonadherent.
  • Patient classification agreement was moderate (κ=0.641), with only 78.4% of patients categorized similarly across models.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous and binary GBTM represent distinct measures of medication adherence.
  • The selection of GBTM approach (continuous vs. binary) should align with specific study objectives.
  • Consider the role of medication adherence (exposure, outcome, confounder) when choosing a GBTM method.