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Cardiometabolic multimorbidity and activity limitation: a cross-sectional study of adults using the Canadian
Brayden N Fishbook1, Christopher D Brinton1,2, Jodi Siever1
1Southern Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Insights
Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) significantly increases the risk of activity limitation in Canadians. The likelihood of activity limitation rises with each additional cardiometabolic condition, particularly for stroke survivors.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) involves having two or more cardiometabolic conditions.
- Previous research links multimorbidity and individual cardiometabolic conditions to activity limitation.
- The association between CM and activity limitation remains understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of activity limitation in Canadians with CM.
- To quantify the association between CM and activity limitation.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 50,777 Canadians aged 45-85 from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
- CM defined by diabetes/prediabetes, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
- Activity limitation assessed using the Older Americans Resources and Services scale.
Main Results:
- Activity limitation affected 27.4% of individuals with CM versus 7.5% without.
- Odds of activity limitation increased with each additional cardiometabolic condition (aRRR = 3.99).
- Stroke survivors exhibited higher odds of activity limitation.
Conclusions:
- Activity limitation is prevalent among Canadians with CM.
- The risk and severity of activity limitation escalate with more cardiometabolic conditions.
- Stroke survivors face a disproportionately higher risk of activity limitation.
Background:
Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is the diagnosis of 2 or more cardiometabolic conditions. Multimorbidity and individual cardiometabolic conditions have been associated with activity limitation, a common form of disability, but few studies have investigated the association between CM and activity limitation.
Objectives:
To estimate the prevalence of activity limitation among Canadians with CM and to quantify the association between CM and activity limitation.
Methods:
Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of activity limitation among Canadians aged 45-85 (n = 50,777; weighted n = 13,118,474). CM was defined as the diagnosis of 2 or more of diabetes/prediabetes, myocardial infarction, and stroke, and activity limitation was evaluated using the Older Americans Resources and Services scale. Descriptive statistics and logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between CM and activity limitation.
Results:
The estimated prevalence of activity limitation among participants living with CM was 27.4% compared with 7.5% with no cardiometabolic conditions. Activity limitation increased in prevalence and severity with the number of cardiometabolic conditions. People with CM had increased odds of activity limitation compared with those without any cardiometabolic conditions (adjusted relative risk ratio = 3.99, 95% confidence interval [3.35-4.75]), and the odds increased with each additional condition. Stroke survivors had greater odds of activity limitation than those without a history of stroke and the same number of cardiometabolic conditions.
Conclusion:
Activity limitation is common among Canadians living with CM. Odds of activity limitation increase with each additional cardiometabolic condition, especially for stroke survivors.
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