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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Application of Hemostatic Devices in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Published on: April 19, 2022

Re-visiting Drain Use in Operative Liver Trauma: A Retrospective Analysis.

Alison Smith¹, Max Shapiro¹, Rebecca Fabian¹

¹Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, New Orleans, Los Angeles.

The Journal of Surgical Research

|October 13, 2021

Summary

Intra-operative drain use in liver trauma surgery is linked to a higher risk of post-operative abscesses. This study found drains to be an independent risk factor for infectious complications in liver trauma patients.

Keywords:

Drains Intra-abdominal abscess Liver trauma

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Last Updated: Oct 17, 2025

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Area of Science:

Trauma Surgery
Surgical Outcomes
Abdominal Organ Injury

Background:

Liver trauma is common in abdominal injuries, yet management strategies vary.
Few studies evaluate current operative management practices for liver trauma.
Historical recommendations advised against drains, but modern evidence is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze outcomes associated with intra-operative drain use in liver trauma.
To investigate the relationship between drain placement and post-operative complications.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of adult trauma patients undergoing operative liver trauma management (2012-2018).
Patients grouped by intra-abdominal drain utilization.
Analysis of post-operative intra-abdominal abscesses as the primary endpoint.

Main Results:

184 patients included; 26.1% received drains.
Intra-abdominal abscess rate was significantly higher in the drain group (35.4% vs. 8.8%).
Drain use independently predicted post-operative abscess (OR 4.9).

Conclusions:

Drain placement in operative liver trauma correlates with increased infectious complications.
Drains were more frequently used in severe injuries, bile leaks, and with higher transfusion needs.
Further research is needed to establish specific guidelines for drain use in liver trauma.