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High Intensity Physical Exercise before the Brain Ischemia Promotes Increase in Brain Injury.

Nathália Nascimento Vasconcelos1, Luan Alves Pereira2, Regina Suzette Rodrigues Silva2

  • 1Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences of the Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São João del-Rei, 36301-1600, MG, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of São João del-Rei, 36301-160, São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|October 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

High-intensity strength training before cerebral ischemia in rats worsened brain damage. This contrasts with moderate exercise benefits, suggesting exercise intensity is critical for neurological recovery after stroke.

Keywords:
Brain ischemiaCerebrovascular circulationEndurance trainingExerciseHypertrophy left ventricularMuscle strengthNeuronsNeuroprotection

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Light-to-moderate physical exercise benefits the nervous system in cerebral ischemia models.
  • The impact of high-intensity exercise protocols prior to cerebral ischemia is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of high-intensity physical exercise (aerobic and strength modalities) on brain damage following cerebral ischemia.
  • To compare neuron quantification in specific brain regions after different exercise interventions and ischemia induction.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-eight Wistar rats were subjected to Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO) or sham procedures.
  • Animals underwent 4 weeks of high-intensity aerobic or strength training prior to ischemia.
  • Nissl staining was used for neuron quantification in the cortex, striatum, and hippocampus.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in body and heart weight were observed between strength-trained ischemic and sham groups.
  • Neuron quantification revealed significant differences across groups in the cerebral cortex, dentate gyrus, and striatum.
  • High-intensity strength training prior to BCCAO induced significant brain damage.

Conclusions:

  • High-intensity physical training, particularly in the strength gain modality, exacerbates brain damage when performed before cerebral ischemia.
  • Exercise intensity and modality are critical factors influencing outcomes in cerebral ischemia models.