Follicular lipidosis in three Rottweilers

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Dermatology
• Canine Pathology
• Dermatohistopathology

Background:

• Follicular lipidosis is a newly identified condition affecting hair follicles.
• This report details the first known cases in three young Rottweilers.

Observation:

• Three Rottweilers presented with hypotrichosis (hair loss) on the face and feet, with one exhibiting dulling and lightening of other hair.
• Hair matrix cells were found to be swollen with intracellular lipid.
• One dog showed poor growth, elevated kidney values (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine), small thyroid glands, and chronic renal disease.

Findings:

• Histopathological examination confirmed intracellular lipid accumulation within hair matrix cells.
• Electron microscopy and oil-red-O staining identified the lipid deposits.
• Two dogs showed partial or complete resolution of hair loss over time, with one retaining mild histological changes.

Implications:

• This is the first documented report of follicular lipidosis in any species.
• Understanding this condition is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of hair loss in dogs.
• Further research may elucidate the underlying causes and potential treatments for follicular lipidosis.