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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
Published on: July 6, 2016
Shortwave Infrared Absorptive and Emissive Pentamethine-Bridged Indolizine Cyanine Dyes
David Ndaleh1, Cameron Smith1, Mahesh Loku Yaddehige1
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States.
Abstract:
Shortwave infrared (SWIR)-emitting small molecules are desirable for biological imaging applications. In this study, four novel pentamethine indolizine cyanine dyes were synthesized with N,N-dimethylaniline-based substituents on the indolizine periphery at varied substitution sites. The dyes are studied via computational chemistry and optical spectroscopy both in solution and when encapsulated. Dramatic spectral shifts in the absorption and emission spectrum wavelengths with added donor groups are observed. Significant absorption and emission with an emissive quantum yield as high as 3.6% in the SWIR region is possible through the addition of multiple donor groups per indolizine.
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