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Olfaction in COPD.

W M Thorstensen1, M R Oie1, S B Dahlslett2

  • 1Dept of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Dept of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.

Rhinology
|October 14, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is linked to reduced sense of smell and taste. This study found significant olfactory dysfunction in COPD patients, highlighting a need for further research into the causes.

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Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Pulmonology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Olfactory function is not well understood in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • Previous research has not extensively investigated the relationship between COPD and olfactory impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that olfactory function is reduced in individuals with COPD.
  • To explore associations between COPD, chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and other factors with olfactory function.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed olfactory function using the "Sniffin' Sticks" test (measuring threshold, discrimination, identification, and composite TDI scores).
  • Utilized the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) for self-reported olfactory and taste impairments.
  • Evaluated 90 COPD patients and 93 controls using clinical interviews, ENT examinations, and spirometry.

Main Results:

  • COPD patients exhibited significantly lower TDI, discrimination (D), and identification (I) scores compared to controls.
  • Hyposmia and anosmia were prevalent in up to 79% of COPD patients.
  • COPD, advanced age, male sex, and allergies were associated with reduced olfactory function (lower TDI scores).

Conclusions:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is significantly associated with olfactory dysfunction.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms contributing to olfactory deficits in COPD.