Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

1.1K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
1.1K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

1.5K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
1.5K
Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

2.9K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
2.9K
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

637
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
637
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

652
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
652
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

429
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
429

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bridging molecules and connectome: network biomarkers guided by neurotransmitter architecture in major depressive disorder.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Competency of Infection Control Nurses and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of nursing management·2026
Same author

Transdiagnostic functional connectome signature of anhedonia relates to neurotransmitter and genetic profiles.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Effective connectome-based predictive modeling reveals transdiagnostic heterogeneity of anhedonia from shared hubs to dissociable pathways.

Behavioural brain research·2026
Same author

Medication Adherence Using Medication Event Monitoring System Among Young Adults with Major Depressive Disorder.

Issues in mental health nursing·2026
Same author

Initiating and maintaining home-based exercise rehabilitation in the first year after lung transplantation: a multi-stakeholder qualitative study.

BMC nursing·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

10.3K

Flexible Brain Transitions Between Hierarchical Network Segregation and Integration Associated With Cognitive

Rong Wang, Xiaoli Su, Zhao Chang

    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
    |October 14, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Brain network flexibility in cognitive tasks is key. Greater flexibility during rest and efficient switching to task states correlate with better cognitive performance, according to new research on brain functional networks.

    More Related Videos

    A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
    10:38

    A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

    Published on: July 16, 2015

    13.8K
    Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
    09:26

    Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

    Published on: February 6, 2019

    19.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 16, 2025

    A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
    09:01

    A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

    Published on: May 7, 2014

    10.3K
    A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
    10:38

    A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

    Published on: July 16, 2015

    13.8K
    Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
    09:26

    Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

    Published on: February 6, 2019

    19.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Science
    • Network Science

    Background:

    • Cognition relies on hierarchical brain processing, involving both local segregation and global integration.
    • The relationship between flexible transitions in these hierarchical processes and cognitive performance remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how flexible transitions between hierarchical segregation and integration in brain networks relate to cognitive performance.
    • To introduce and validate a novel method for analyzing hierarchical brain network organization.

    Main Methods:

    • A multisource interference task (MSIT) was employed.
    • The nested-spectral partition (NSP) method was developed to detect hierarchical modules in brain functional networks.
    • Hierarchical segregation and integration were analyzed across multiple network levels.

    Main Results:

    • The MSIT induced higher network segregation globally and in most functional systems, but increased integration in the control system.
    • Brain networks exhibited more flexible transitions between segregated and integrated states during the task.
    • Higher functional flexibility during rest, reduced flexibility during the task, and efficient resting-to-task state switching were linked to superior cognitive performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The NSP method effectively identifies alterations in functional organization and cognitive performance phenotypes.
    • Flexible transitions in hierarchical brain network configurations are crucial for optimal cognitive function.
    • Understanding brain network dynamics offers insights into individual differences in cognitive abilities.