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Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

311
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
311
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
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Visual processing and BDNF levels in first-episode schizophrenia.

Irina I Shoshina1, Jeffery K Hovis2, Fatima M Felisberti3

  • 1Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, Department of Visual Physiology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; St. Petersburg State University, Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.

Psychiatry Research
|October 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First-episode schizophrenia patients show altered contrast sensitivity and lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. These findings link visual processing deficits and BDNF to schizophrenia, suggesting potential biomarkers for the disorder.

Keywords:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factorContrast processingFirst-episodeSchizophreniaVisual functions

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Visual Processing

Background:

  • Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with early visual processing deficits, particularly in contrast sensitivity.
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in neuroplasticity and visual perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between visual processing and BDNF levels in first-episode SCZ patients.
  • To explore potential biomarkers for visual processing alterations in SCZ.

Main Methods:

  • Compared contrast sensitivity at low, mid, and high spatial frequencies in 43 first-episode SCZ patients and 39 healthy controls.
  • Analyzed correlations between BDNF levels, contrast sensitivity, and clinical variables, with a focus on sex differences.

Main Results:

  • First-episode SCZ patients exhibited higher contrast sensitivity than controls across most spatial frequencies.
  • Negative correlations were observed between BDNF levels, contrast sensitivity, and clinical symptoms, particularly in females at mid and high frequencies.
  • Results suggest alterations in magnocellular and parvocellular pathway functioning in SCZ.

Conclusions:

  • First-episode SCZ is linked to altered visual contrast processing and reduced BDNF levels.
  • BDNF may serve as a biomarker for visual processing deficits in SCZ.
  • Integrating biomarkers with other measures is crucial for understanding visual processing in SCZ and related disorders.