Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

20.0K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
20.0K
The First Law of Thermodynamics01:13

The First Law of Thermodynamics

6.7K
The first law of thermodynamics deals with the total amount of energy in the universe. It states that this total amount of energy is constant. In other words, there has always been, and always will be, exactly the same amount of energy in the universe. Energy exists in many different forms. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy may transfer from place to place or transform into different forms, but it cannot be created or destroyed. The transfers and transformations of energy...
6.7K
Path Between Thermodynamics States01:21

Path Between Thermodynamics States

3.5K
Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:
3.5K
Second Law of Thermodynamics02:49

Second Law of Thermodynamics

24.8K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic...
24.8K
Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

5.9K
A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The...
5.9K
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

5.9K
Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium.
5.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Extended defects in a hard disk system and melting criteria.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Dielectric relaxation in the high-pressure hindered plastic crystal phase of ethanol.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Addendum: Microscopic dynamics and Bose-Einstein condensation in liquid helium (2023<i>J. Phys.: Condens. Matter</i>35085101).

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Upper bounds on the highest phonon frequency and superconducting temperature from fundamental physical constants.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Fundamental physical constants, operation of physical phenomena and entropy increase.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Molten Salts: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Fundamental Bounds.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.7K

Universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics and a dynamically driven "c" transition in fluids.

C Cockrell1, V V Brazhkin2, K Trachenko1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|October 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a universal "c" transition in supercritical fluids, linking dynamics and thermodynamics. This path-independent transition between liquidlike and gaslike states offers new insights into the supercritical phase diagram.

More Related Videos

Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package
06:37

Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package

Published on: September 17, 2021

4.7K
Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel
10:03

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 16, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.7K
Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package
06:37

Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package

Published on: September 17, 2021

4.7K
Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel
10:03

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Supercritical fluids exhibit complex phase behavior.
  • Understanding transitions in supercritical states is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase diagram and properties of supercritical fluids.
  • To identify universal relationships between dynamics and thermodynamics.
  • To characterize the transition between liquidlike and gaslike states.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive survey of the supercritical phase diagram.
  • Analysis of specific heat dependence on dynamical parameters.
  • Development of a master plot for data collapse.

Main Results:

  • A universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics was revealed.
  • An unambiguous, path-independent transition, termed the 'c' transition, was identified.
  • The 'c' transition exhibits a fixed inversion point deep within the supercritical state.

Conclusions:

  • The 'c' transition provides a new structural element to the supercritical phase diagram.
  • Data collapse and path independence suggest a sharp crossover or new phase transition.
  • Findings are applicable to supercritical states at extreme pressures and temperatures.