Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

995
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
995
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

771
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
771
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

816
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
816
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

357
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
357
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

816
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
816
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

596
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
596

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Erratum: "Electronic-state-resolved master equation study of energy transfer and electron-impact chemical kinetics in the nitrogen system" [J. Chem. Phys. 164, 134310 (2026)].

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

From fluctuating entropic neck to Rosenfeld-Adam-Gibbs crossover dynamics in supercooled liquids.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Communication: Beyond the gradient expansion approximation: A generalized gradient expansion for exchange.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Tuning glass-forming dynamics by modifying hydrogen bonding: From polyalcohols to van der Waals liquids.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Using a low-storage contour-integral eigensolver for nonsymmetric matrices with collocation to compute vibrational spectra.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Kinetic theory of chiral active disks: Odd transport and torque density.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

1.9K

Explicit phenomenological solutions for magnetization exposed to an arbitrary NMR diffusion steady state pulse

Anthony M Lee1, Timothy Stait-Gardner1, William S Price1

  • 1Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|October 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study presents new analytical solutions for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusion measurements, enabling faster analysis of rapidly changing systems using steady-state NMR techniques.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Intrinsically Disordered Protein Dynamics Through NMR Relaxation Experiments
09:25

Author Spotlight: Exploring Intrinsically Disordered Protein Dynamics Through NMR Relaxation Experiments

Published on: November 1, 2024

2.2K
In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

1.9K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Intrinsically Disordered Protein Dynamics Through NMR Relaxation Experiments
09:25

Author Spotlight: Exploring Intrinsically Disordered Protein Dynamics Through NMR Relaxation Experiments

Published on: November 1, 2024

2.2K
In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique for studying molecular motion.
  • Diffusion measurements using NMR are crucial for understanding various physical and chemical processes.
  • Current methods can be time-consuming, limiting applications in dynamic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop explicit phenomenological solutions for NMR diffusion measurements.
  • To investigate steady-state NMR diffusion measurements for reduced experimental time.
  • To derive new expressions for steady-state longitudinal magnetization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Torrey-Bloch equations with relaxation effects.
  • Derived explicit phenomenological solutions for bulk transverse and longitudinal magnetization.
  • Developed a closed algebraic form method for magnetization calculations.

Main Results:

  • Presented solutions for average magnetization behavior in steady-state formation.
  • Derived novel expressions for steady-state longitudinal magnetization.
  • Reproduced previous theoretical results for steady-state diffusion measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The new solutions accelerate analysis of NMR diffusion measurements, especially for dynamic systems.
  • The closed algebraic form offers advantages over iterative methods for pulse sequence development.
  • The findings provide a robust framework for analyzing NMR diffusion under arbitrary conditions.