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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

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Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
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Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
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Bloch Surface Waves Mediated Micro-Spectroscopy.

Ruxue Wang1,2, Xinrui Lei3, Li Liu1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel Bloch surface wave (BSW) micro-spectrometer using a silicon nanoparticle. This compact device achieves 2 nm resolution for spectrum analysis, overcoming limitations of bulky traditional spectrometers.

Keywords:
bloch surface wavesdispersion relationsmicro-spectrometersnanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Micro-spectroscopy is essential for chemical, biological, and environmental analysis but relies on bulky, expensive equipment.
  • Existing micro-spectral techniques face limitations in size, cost, and portability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel Bloch surface wave (BSW) based micro-spectrometer.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional micro-spectral instruments by developing a compact and cost-effective solution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a single silicon nanoparticle on a dielectric multilayer substrate to excite Bloch surface waves (BSWs).
  • Leveraging BSW dispersion relations to create a spectrally rich database for spectrum retrieval.
  • Employing back-focal plane imaging and an iterative algorithm to analyze angular spectra and retrieve light spectrums.

Main Results:

  • Successfully retrieved visible-range monochromatic and broadband light spectrums.
  • Achieved a spectral resolution of 2 nm over a 130 nm wavelength range.
  • Demonstrated CMOS compatibility for integration into micro-devices.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed BSW micro-spectrometer offers a compact, high-resolution alternative to conventional spectrometers.
  • This technology enables real-time spectral analysis for nanoscale radiators and microscopic signals.
  • The CMOS-compatible design facilitates widespread application in miniaturized spectral analysis systems.