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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

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Assessment of Antithrombin III and Protein C in Saudi Myocardial Infarction Patients

Tariq E Elmissbah, Mohammed E Iderous, Fawwaz M Al-Qahtani

    Clinical Laboratory
    |October 16, 2021
    PubMed

    Insights

    Antithrombin III (AT III) and Protein C deficiencies were not found to be significant risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) in Saudi patients. While some individuals showed low levels, overall levels did not differ significantly between MI patients and healthy controls.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Hematology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack, involves heart muscle damage due to blocked blood flow, often linked to coronary artery disease.
    • Risk factors for MI include hypertension, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and poor diet.
    • Antithrombin III (AT III) and Protein C are key proteins involved in blood coagulation and anticoagulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the levels of Antithrombin III (AT III) and Protein C in Saudi patients who have experienced myocardial infarction (MI).
    • To determine if deficiencies in AT III or Protein C are significant risk factors for MI in the Saudi population.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study was conducted in Saudi Arabia.
    • Blood samples were collected from 150 MI patients and 50 healthy controls.
    • Sandwich ELISA was used to measure AT III and Protein C levels.

    Main Results:

    • Mean AT III and Protein C levels were within normal ranges for MI patients.
    • No significant differences in mean AT III and Protein C levels were observed between MI patients and controls (p > 0.19).
    • Low levels of AT III were found in 8.7% of samples, and low Protein C in 11.3%.

    Conclusions:

    • Deficiencies in AT III and Protein C are not strongly significant risk factors for myocardial infarction.
    • Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the role of these proteins in MI pathogenesis.
    Abstract

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