Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Isolation and Differentiation of Stromal Vascular Cells to Beige/Brite Cells
07:22

Isolation and Differentiation of Stromal Vascular Cells to Beige/Brite Cells

Published on: March 28, 2013

39.0K

PPAR-gamma agonists: Potential modulators of autophagy in obesity

Amir Hossein Faghfouri1, Yaser Khajebishak2, Laleh Payahoo2

  • 1Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

European Journal of Pharmacology
|October 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) may regulate autophagy in obesity. This review explores how PPAR-gamma influences autophagy, offering insights for new obesity management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Metabolic disorders
  • Obesity research

Background:

  • Autophagy is implicated in obesity-related diseases.
  • Obesity, a state of nutrient excess, can alter autophagy via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibition.
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) regulates adipogenesis and may influence autophagy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of PPAR-gamma's action on autophagy in obesity.
  • To review PPAR-gamma's effects on autophagy in non-obese conditions.
  • To comprehensively review the mode of action of PPAR-gamma agonists on autophagy.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanistic review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of PPAR-gamma's role in autophagy in various cellular contexts.
  • Review of studies on PPAR-gamma agonists and their impact on autophagy.

Main Results:

  • Limited studies currently investigate PPAR-gamma's effect on autophagy in obesity.
  • PPAR-gamma and its agonists have shown regulatory effects on autophagy in normal and cancer cells.
  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on PPAR-gamma's influence on autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding PPAR-gamma's multifaceted effects on autophagy in obesity is crucial.
  • This knowledge can pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches to obesity management.
Keywords:
AdipogenesisAutophagyLipophagyObesityPPAR gamma

More Related Videos

Encapsulation Thermogenic Preadipocytes for Transplantation into Adipose Tissue Depots08:30

Encapsulation Thermogenic Preadipocytes for Transplantation into Adipose Tissue Depots

Published on: June 2, 2015

9.5K
An Adipocyte Cell Culture Model to Study the Impact of Protein and Micro-RNA Modulation on Adipocyte Function09:20

An Adipocyte Cell Culture Model to Study the Impact of Protein and Micro-RNA Modulation on Adipocyte Function

Published on: May 4, 2021

3.9K

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
931
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
6.1K
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
477
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
7.0K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
4.2K
Global Regulatory Systems01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
182