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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Published on: June 8, 2019

[Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis in Lymphomas].

Yasuhito Suehara¹

¹Dept. of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy

|October 17, 2021

Summary

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis offers a non-invasive method for lymphoma management, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring. While not replacing biopsies, ctDNA detection shows promise for specific extranodal lymphomas like IVLBCL and PCNSL.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

Sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising non-invasive technique for malignant lymphomas.
Current ctDNA detection methods include PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing, targeting lymphoma-specific genetic alterations.
ctDNA analysis cannot replace traditional tissue biopsies for initial lymphoma diagnosis due to the importance of histological architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the utility of ctDNA analysis in the diagnosis and management of malignant lymphomas.
To highlight the potential of ctDNA detection in specific extranodal lymphomas, such as intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) and primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL).
To discuss the advantages of ctDNA analysis, including capturing tumor heterogeneity and continuous disease monitoring.

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Last Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Published on: June 8, 2019

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

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Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence

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Published on: August 14, 2019

Main Methods:

Review of current technologies for ctDNA detection, including PCR-based methods and next-generation sequencing.
Analysis of specific genetic targets in ctDNA relevant to lymphomas, such as single nucleotide variants, structural variants, copy number alterations, and gene rearrangements.
Discussion of the application of ctDNA analysis in challenging cases like IVLBCL and PCNSL, focusing on shared mutations (e.g., MYD88 L265P, CD79B).

Main Results:

ctDNA analysis is a valuable tool for genotyping, risk stratification, response monitoring, and detecting actionable mutations in lymphomas.
ctDNA detection can be particularly useful for prompt diagnosis of IVLBCL and PCNSL, where traditional biopsies are difficult.
ctDNA provides insights into spatial tumor heterogeneity, prognostic factors, and treatment-resistant clones, offering a dynamic view of disease burden.

Conclusions:

ctDNA liquid biopsy is a powerful, non-invasive adjunct to conventional diagnostics for malignant lymphomas.
Development of unique gene panels for ctDNA analysis is necessary due to distinct genomic abnormalities in hematologic malignancies.
Initiatives in Japan are progressing towards establishing systems for genomic and precision medicine in hematologic malignancies.