Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 16, 2025
03:19
Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
Published on: June 21, 2024
1.5K
Kidney length normative values in children aged 0-19 years - a multicenter study.
Łukasz Obrycki1, Jędrzej Sarnecki2, Marianna Lichosik3
1Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, Children's Memorial Health Institute, al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland. l.obrycki@ipczd.pl.
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|October 17, 2021
Summary
This study establishes new ultrasound-based kidney length norms for children aged 0-19 years, utilizing height as the primary predictor. These findings provide crucial pediatric kidney reference values for clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Radiology
- Biostatistics
Background:
- Current pediatric kidney length norms lack comprehensive data, often from small studies and without kidney function assessment.
- Existing norms primarily focus on newborns and infants, leaving a gap for older children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop ultrasound-based kidney length normative values for European Caucasian children aged 0-19 years.
- To establish height-related kidney length curves and tables using robust statistical methods.
Main Methods:
- Sonographic kidney length assessment in 1,758 children (aged 0-19 years) with normal kidney function.
- Correlation analysis with anthropometric parameters (age, height, BSA, BMI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
- Application of the LMS method for generating height-related percentile curves and tables.
Main Results:
- Kidney length showed significant correlation with height, age, body surface area, and BMI.
- Height was identified as the strongest predictor of kidney length (adjusted R²=0.87).
- No clinically significant differences in kidney length were observed between sexes or body positions.
Conclusions:
- Novel height-related LMS-percentile curves and tables for pediatric kidney length are presented.
- These normative values are applicable for children from birth to 19 years.
- Statural height is the most significant predictor for estimating kidney length in children.
Related Concept Videos
01:21External Anatomy of the Kidney
2.0K
The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
2.0K
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
28
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
28
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
209
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
209
01:24Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
139
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
139
01:45Kidney Structure
71.8K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
71.8K
01:28Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
80
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
80