Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis Refractory to First-Line Treatment

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases
• Dermatology

Background:

• Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by *Sporothrix* species, prevalent in Latin America.
• Transmission occurs via traumatic inoculation or contact with infected animals, like cats.
• Standard treatments include itraconazole or potassium iodide, with amphotericin B and terbinafine as alternatives.

Observation:

• A patient with lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis showed intolerance and lack of response to itraconazole and potassium iodide.
• Treatment was switched to amphotericin B deoxycholate and its liposomal formulation.
• Complete resolution of skin lesions was achieved with amphotericin B therapy.

Findings:

• Amphotericin B, both conventional and liposomal forms, proved effective in treating recalcitrant lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis.
• This case demonstrates the efficacy of amphotericin B in patients with treatment failure or intolerance to first-line antifungals.
• Successful management of sporotrichosis with amphotericin B underscores its importance as a second-line or salvage therapy.

Implications:

• This case supports the use of amphotericin B for severe or refractory sporotrichosis cases.
• Findings may guide treatment strategies for sporotrichosis patients who cannot tolerate or do not respond to standard therapies.
• Further research into optimal amphotericin B dosing and formulations for sporotrichosis is warranted.