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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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Impact of COVID-19 on new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus - A one-year prospective study

E Kostopoulou1, M I Eliopoulou, A P Rojas Gil

  • 1Endocrine Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece. rekost@upatras.gr.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|October 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic was linked to a rise in new cases of Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in children. This study observed a shift in diagnosis timing and increased severity of T1DM during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • A potential link between COVID-19 and new-onset Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in children has been suggested but not confirmed.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for pediatric health during the pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on new-onset T1DM in a pediatric population.
  • To compare the incidence, severity, and seasonality of T1DM before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted in Western Greece, analyzing children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM.
  • Data from the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-February 2021) were compared to the preceding year.
  • Recorded variables included T1DM incidence, severity, patient demographics, HbA1c, and c-peptide levels.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one pediatric cases of T1DM were diagnosed during the COVID-19 year, compared to 17 in the pre-COVID-19 year.
  • A shift in seasonality was observed, with an increasing trend from spring to winter during the pandemic year.
  • Significantly higher HbA1c levels and increased incidence and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis were noted during the COVID-19 year.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of altered seasonality and increased severity in new-onset T1DM during the initial year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the role of SARS-CoV-2 in these observed changes.
  • Investigating the impact of infection incidence patterns during the pandemic on T1DM is essential.
Abstract

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