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A dual process model to predict adolescents' screen time and physical activity
Matthias Burkard Aulbach1, Hanna Konttinen1, Benjamin Gardner2
1Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Psychology & Health
|October 18, 2021
Summary
Physical activity and screen time are largely mutually exclusive behaviors in adolescents. While intentions and habits predict each behavior separately, they show weak links between physical activity and screen time predictors.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral science
- Adolescent health
- Psychology
Background:
- Adolescents often exhibit low physical activity (PA) and high screen time (ST).
- Existing psychological theories often examine PA and ST predictors in isolation.
- Understanding the interplay between these behaviors is crucial as they represent choices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate psychological predictors of both PA and ST within a unified model.
- To explore the roles of deliberative and automatic processes in PA and ST.
- To examine the interrelations between PA and ST predictors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey of 411 Finnish vocational school students (ages 17-19).
- Utilized variables from the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) and automaticity constructs.
- Assessed self-reported PA and ST, along with their psychological predictors, over four weeks.
Main Results:
- PA and ST showed a weak negative correlation (r = -.17, p = .03).
- Structural equation modeling confirmed that intentions and habit predicted PA, and intentions and habit predicted ST.
- PA intentions negatively predicted ST, but overall, predictors for PA and ST were weakly linked.
Conclusions:
- PA and ST appear to be weakly interconnected regarding their psychological predictors.
- Future research should explore a broader range of mutually exclusive behaviors to better understand their relationships.
- Investigating more behaviors and their psychological influences is recommended for a comprehensive view.
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