Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 16, 2025
07:55
Intratracheal Administration of Dry Powder Formulation in Mice
Published on: July 25, 2020
11.1K
Surface energy considerations in ternary powder blends for inhalation
Nicholas Bungert1, Mirjam Kobler2, Regina Scherließ1
1Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Kiel University, Grasweg 9a, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|October 18, 2021
Summary
Optimizing dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations involves understanding fine excipient properties. This study shows that fine lactose surface energy significantly impacts aerodynamic performance, more than carrier properties, for efficient respiratory drug delivery.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Technology
- Materials Science
- Respiratory Drug Delivery
Background:
- Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) require optimized formulations for efficient respiratory drug delivery.
- Carrier-based blends often lack optimal efficiency, necessitating research into fine excipient roles.
- Understanding the solid-state characteristics of excipients is key to improving DPI performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the surface energies of different lactose fines.
- To evaluate the influence of these surface energies on the aerodynamic performance of ternary DPI blends.
- To determine the relative importance of fine excipient properties versus carrier properties in DPI formulations.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of five different fine lactose qualities based on surface energy, particle size, moisture content, and chemical composition.
- Formulation of ternary blends using these lactose fines and a drug substance.
- Assessment of the aerodynamic performance of the formulated DPI blends.
- Comparison of fine lactose properties and carrier properties regarding their impact on blend performance.
Main Results:
- Lactose fines exhibited distinct surface energies despite comparable particle size, moisture, and composition.
- Surface energy of fines was found to be a crucial factor influencing the adhesion properties and aerodynamic performance of ternary blends.
- The properties of the lactose carrier had a negligible impact when extrinsic fines demonstrated strong drug-excipient interactions.
Conclusions:
- Fine excipient surface energy is a critical determinant of aerodynamic performance in DPIs.
- Optimizing fine excipient properties, particularly surface energy and adhesion, is essential for enhancing DPI efficiency.
- Drug-excipient interactions mediated by fine excipients play a more significant role than carrier properties in formulation performance.
More Related Videos
04:59Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models
Published on: August 18, 2023
1.1K
07:28Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
Published on: April 6, 2017
40.9K
Related Concept Videos
01:23Inhaled Medications
478
Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
478
01:28Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
215
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
215
01:18Additional Routes of Drug Administration
3.3K
Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
3.3K
01:23Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area
1.1K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
1.1K
01:15Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes
333
Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
333
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
534
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
534