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Performance evaluation of an EMS system using queuing theory and location analysis: A case study.

Nahidsadat Majlesinasab1, Mohammad Maleki2, Ehsan Nikbakhsh3

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Optimizing emergency medical services (EMS) involves reducing both call center activation time and ambulance travel time. This study uses queuing theory and location analysis to improve EMS response times, significantly cutting delays and increasing coverage.

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Area of Science:

  • Operations Research
  • Public Health
  • Applied Mathematics

Background:

  • Emergency medical services (EMS) performance is critically dependent on response time.
  • Response time comprises activation time (call center processing) and travel time (ambulance transit).
  • Existing research often addresses activation or travel time in isolation, not holistically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework addressing both EMS activation and travel times simultaneously.
  • To reduce overall EMS response time and improve service coverage.
  • To provide a data-driven methodology for EMS operational enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • Application of queuing theory to optimize EMS call center operations and reduce activation time.
  • Utilization of mathematical location models (mobile stations, MEXCLP, MECRP) to minimize ambulance travel time.
  • Validation using real-world data from the Tehran EMS Center.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework reduced average EMS response time by approximately four minutes.
  • Ambulance coverage increased by an average of 35% with the implemented methodology.
  • Demonstrated significant improvements in cycle time and overall EMS efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating queuing theory and location analysis offers a powerful approach to optimizing EMS.
  • The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers to enhance EMS performance.
  • This integrated methodology can lead to substantial improvements in emergency healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.