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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Reliable Mechanochemistry: Protocols for Reproducible Outcomes of Neat and Liquid Assisted Ball-mill Grinding Experiments
Published on: January 23, 2018
Mechanical grinding effect on thermodynamics and inclusion efficiency of loratadine-cyclodextrin inclusion complex
Hong-Liang Lin1, Shan-Yang Lin1, Chih-Cheng Lin1
1Department of Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan.
Abstract:
The interaction of poor water-soluble drug loratadine (LOR) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in aqueous or solid state was investigated. Mechanical grinding effect on the inclusion steps, thermodynamic kinetics and inclusion efficiency of inclusion complex formation of LOR with β-CD or HP-β-CD was quantitatively investigated by DSC and FT-IR microspectroscopy with curve-fitting analysis. The phase solubility profiles of LOR with β-CD and HP-β-CD were classified as AL-type phase diagram. The grinding-induced reduction in LOR crystallinity in the presence of β-CD or HP-β-CD was found to be apparent zero-order kinetics. The inclusion efficiency of solid inclusion complex for LOR/β-CD or LOR/HP-β-CD was significantly correlated with the reduction in LOR crystallinity and the grinding time. The mechanism of inclusion complex formation for LOR/β-CD or LOR/HP-β-CD was proposed through the progressive reduction in LOR crystallinity, the promoted LOR amorphization, and molecular inclusion processes in the continuous energy input process of mechanical grinding.
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