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Related Experiment Video

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Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms: recent progress and persistent challenges.

Natasha Rekhtman1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA. rekhtman@mskcc.org.

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
|October 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advancements enhance the pathologic diagnosis of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms, including small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). New markers and insights improve classification and understanding of these challenging tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) encompass carcinoids, small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC).
  • Accurate pathologic diagnosis is crucial for patient management and treatment strategies.
  • Recent research has focused on refining diagnostic criteria and identifying novel biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in the pathologic diagnosis of lung NENs.
  • To highlight progress in understanding biological subtypes, diagnostic markers, and challenging areas.
  • To discuss emerging insights into SCLC and LCNEC diagnosis, including novel markers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on lung neuroendocrine neoplasms.
  • Analysis of advancements in pathological diagnostic techniques and immunohistochemical markers.
  • Discussion of evolving classification and differential diagnosis, including genetic and expression-based profiles.

Main Results:

  • Insights into biological subtypes within carcinoids, SCLC, and LCNEC.
  • Evolving role of Ki67 and emergence of POU2F3 as a novel marker for SCLC.
  • Updated differential diagnosis for NEC, including SMARCA4-deficient tumors, and challenges in LCNEC biopsy diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the genetic and expression profiles of lung NENs.
  • These advancements are expected to facilitate the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers.
  • Future research will continue to refine the pathologic assessment of these complex tumors.