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Is there a link between all-cause mortality and economic fluctuations?
1Swedish Institute for Social Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scandinavian Journal of Public Health
|October 20, 2021
Summary
Economic changes impact population health. Rising unemployment correlates with lower mortality rates across most age groups, while economic growth shows long-term benefits for mortality reduction.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Economics
- Demography
Background:
- All-cause mortality serves as a key global health indicator.
- Understanding the relationship between macroeconomic changes and mortality is crucial.
- Unemployment rate variations are utilized as a proxy for economic fluctuations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the short-term and long-term effects of macroeconomic shifts on all-cause mortality.
- To analyze the impact of economic changes on different age demographics.
Main Methods:
- Utilized time-series data from 21 OECD countries (1960-2018).
- Examined four mortality outcomes: total, infant, working-age (20-64), and old-age (65+).
- Employed error correction modeling to assess macroeconomic impacts on mortality.
Main Results:
- Increased unemployment showed a statistically significant association with decreased mortality in all groups except the elderly.
- Economic growth (GDP per capita) demonstrated significant long-term mortality-reducing effects.
- Old-age mortality was not significantly impacted by unemployment rate changes.
Conclusions:
- Macroeconomic fluctuations have differential impacts on mortality across age groups.
- Economic growth contributes to long-term improvements in population health.
- Policy interventions may need to consider age-specific mortality responses to economic changes.
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